Healthy isn?t something you are or aren?t. It?s a hundred little things: eating a banana, walking in the park, putting a bandage on a boo-boo, playing tag, reading up on ways to keep you and your family well and safe. It?s a balance between living well and taking care, and you can start right where you are.
A blog by Christina Elston
Healthy isn't something you are or aren't. It's a hundred little things: eating a banana, walking in the park, putting a bandage on a boo-boo, playing tag, reading up on ways to keep you and your family well and safe. It's a balance between living well and taking care, and you can start right where you are.


Archive for the ‘Teens and Tweens’ Category

Kids With Mental Disorders More Often Tagged As Bullies

Tuesday, November 13th, 2012

As many as 20 percent of U.S. high school students admit to being bullied, and it makes sense that this could lead to depression or other mental health problems. But what about the kids doing the bullying?

A link might be possible there as well.

A study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) national conference in October found that children diagnosed with mental health disorders were three times more likely to be identified as bullies than those without.

The mental health status of children who bully others hasn’t been much investigated, but when researchers looked at data on 64,000 children included in the 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health, they found that just over 15 percent of children were identified as bullies by a parent or guardian. Looking closer, they found that children diagnosed with depression were three times more likely to bully, while those diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder were six times more likely.

The study wasn’t able to determine whether the children’s mental health problems caused the bullying or vice-versa, but researchers note that a better understanding of the relationship between mental health and bullying – and the risk profile of childhood bullies – could lead to more effective anti-bullying programs.

“These findings highlight the importance of providing psychological support not only to victims of bullying, but to bullies as well,” says study author Frances G. Turcotte-Benedict, M.D., of Hasbro Children’s Hospital in Providence, RI.

Student Athletes Are Safer On the Field With a Good Night’s Sleep

Tuesday, October 23rd, 2012

If your kids play sports and you want to keep them from getting injured, enroll them in a program with good coaches, and make sure they wear proper safety gear and play by the rules.

And tuck them in regularly for a good night’s sleep.

When Children’s Hospital Los Angeles researchers asked 112 middle and high school athletes at Harvard-Westlake School in Studio City about their sports participation, they found the amount of sleep the students got each night was a better predictor of how likely they were to be injured while playing sports than the number of sports they played, how much time they played, whether they participated in strength training, or whether they used a private coach.

Student athletes who reported sleeping eight or more hours a night were 68 percent less likely to be injured than those who regularly slept less.

“When we started this study, we thought the amount of sports played, year-round play, and increased specialization in sports would be much more important for injury risk,” said orthopedic surgeon Matthew Milewski, M.D., in releasing the study, which was presented Oct. 21 at the American Academy of Pediatrics national conference in New Orleans. “What we found is that the two most important factors were hours of sleep and grade in school.”

Athletes in the study had a 2.3 times greater risk of athletic injury for every additional grade in school, potentially because older athletes are bigger, faster and stronger, Milewski noted.

More Sleep Could Help Prevent Diabetes In Teens

Monday, October 1st, 2012

Parents have a new reason to send sleep-deprived teens to bed earlier. Doing so might reduce kids’ risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

People with type 2 diabetes gradually stop producing insulin, a hormone that helps the body use sugar from the food we eat for energy and growth. One of the signs that diabetes might be setting in is something called “insulin resistance,” where the cells stop responding to insulin the body makes.

Insulin resistance can be affected by age, race, gender, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI, a measure of weight related to height). And, apparently, sleep.

Looking at 245 healthy high school students, researchers from the University of Pittsburgh found that when teens who normally got six hours of sleep per night added just one extra hour, they improved their bodies’ response to insulin by 9 percent. And while the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends nine hours of sleep or more per night for teens, those in the study averaged just 6.4 hours per night during the week, with less shuteye on school nights than weekends.

The study was reported in the October issue of the journal SLEEP.

Most current efforts to help prevent diabetes in teens focus on reducing weight by improving diet and boosting physical activity. This study’s authors suggest that promoting healthy sleep habits become a part of the diabetes-prevention picture.

Diabetes In Teens More Than Doubles In a Decade

Monday, May 21st, 2012

Twenty three percent of kids ages 12 to 19 in the U.S. now have diabetes or prediabetes, according to a study out today in the journal Pediatrics. A decade ago that figure was just nine percent.

Looking at risk factors for heart disease and stroke in adolescents, researchers from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) examined data on more than 3,300 adolescents participating in a national survey from 1999 to 2008. Along with the increase in diabetes, they found that:

• 61% of obese teens in the survey had one risk factor for cardiovascular disease – such as high LDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, physical inactivity or diabetes – besides their weight

• 49% of overweight teens had one additional cardiovascular risk factor

• 37% of normal-weight teens had at least one cardiovascular risk factor

“I think this is an eye opener,” says Steven Mittelman, M.D., Ph.D., of the Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, who was not involved in the study. “Parents really need to think about what their kids are eating and what their activity level is. Parents have to step up and help prevent these devastating diseases that last a lifetime.”

One of every three children with diabetes now has type 2 (which used to be called “adult-onset diabetes,” but is now far too common in children to merit that name), and Mittelman points out that the disease is not easily managed in kids. Adults with type 2 diabetes can improve their health with lifestyle changes and medications, but 50 percent of kids diagnosed with type 2 will end up on insulin within five years – and need it for the rest of their lives. “Over time that number will get worse, so eventually most teenagers diagnosed with type 2 diabetes will need insulin,” he says.

The prevalence of obesity among teens did not increase during the study period. “The prevalence of obesity and overweight really plateaued in the last 10 years,” says Mittelman, who credits public education about the obesity epidemic with spurring some progress. There are still far too many overweight kids, “but at least it’s not going up like it was 10 years ago,” he says.

His suggestions for parents looking to improve their kids health:

Pay attention during checkups. Doctors should be checking children’s height, weight and blood pressure at every visit, and taking the time to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI, a measure of height related to weight) for patients. Under some circumstances, they should also test kids’ cholesterol levels, and test for diabetes.

Know your family history. Let your pediatrician know if your child’s parents or grandparents have high cholesterol, diabetes or heart disease. Find out what medications your child’s grandparents take, and share that information as well. “That helps us know what might run in the family,” Mittelman says.

Check out resources that get kids moving. Mittelman recommends the CDC childhood obesity page (cdc.gov/obesity/childhood), Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move! campaign (LetsMove.gov) and your local YMCA (YMCA.org) as great places to start. “I often send my parents who say they have a tough time getting their kids to exercise [to the YMCA],” he says. “They really are focused on healthy weight.”

Mittelman is quick to point out that heart disease and diabetes are just two of the many life-threatening conditions caused by obesity. He specializes in studying the connections between obesity and cancer (and says that 20% of cancers in the U.S. are now caused by obesity). Studies show that many kids carry their weight problems into adulthood, but Mittelman and other experts consider adolescence a key window for change. And much of that change is up to moms and dads.

“Parents do have the power,” he says.

Pharmacies Handing Teens Misinformation, Not Plan B Contraception

Tuesday, March 27th, 2012

A new study finds that pharmacies often gave 17-year-olds wrong information about – and denied them access to – the emergency contraceptive sold under the brand name Plan B One Step. Meanwhile, doctors calling the same pharmacies got accurate facts.

Researchers from Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine orchestrated calls to 943 pharmacies, covering every pharmacy in Nashville, Tennessee; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Cleveland, Ohio; Austin, Texas and Portland, Oregon. Female callers posed first as 17-year-old girls, then two weeks later as physicians seeking advice for their 17-year-old patients.

Around 80 percent of the pharmacies reported having the drug, available over the counter to women ages 17 and older and by prescription to younger teens, in stock. But when callers posing as 17-year-olds asked if they could get the medication, 19 percent were told that they could not get it under any circumstances. Only 3 percent of callers posing as physicians were told their 17-year-old patients could not get the drug.

Almost 640,000 unplanned pregnancies occur in girls ages 15-19 in the U.S. each year.

The study didn’t look into reasons behind the misinformation, but the authors noted that “teen” callers spoke to people who identified themselves as pharmacists less often than “doctors” (3 percent vs. 12 percent of the time) and that other pharmacy employees might not be as well informed about rules for dispensing the medication, or might not want teens to have access.

“Given the history of emergency contraception, the politics around it and also the frequent changes to the dispensing regulations, there are lots of sources of misinformation,” says lead author Tracey Wilkinson, M.D., a general pediatrics fellow at the university.

Wilkinson says she doesn’t know of any national standard that determines who answers questions about medication at pharmacies. A representative from CVS Caremark, which claims to be the largest pharmacy health care provider in the U.S., says that a question about whether emergency contraception was in stock and at what age a person can purchase it without a prescription would not require a pharmacist to answer.

Wilkinson advocates improved education for pharmacy staff and adolescents, and says doctors could consider issuing prescriptions for teen patients even when they aren’t required by law, to help guarantee timely access.

Meanwhile, she is studying the possibility of providing the medication in advance to sexually active teenagers. “That way, they already have emergency contraception if they need it,” she says. “Because teenagers are at such risk for unplanned pregnancy, it is imperative that we figure out ways to guarantee them this safe and effective form of contraception.”

Her study appears in the March 26 issue of Pediatrics.

Just In Case You Thought Kids Didn’t Smoke Any More

Thursday, March 8th, 2012

A colleague was telling me this morning about how her 5-year-old pointed to the ashtray in their car and asked, “What’s that?” – a question unthinkable in our own smoky childhoods. But there’s evidence that not all kids are so healthily unaware of the trappings of tobacco.

Decades of hammering away at “kids shouldn’t smoke” campaigns, policing points of sale and regulating advertising and warning labels have made a dent. Smoking among ages 12-17 has continued to decline in the U.S. But that decline has slowed in the last decade, according the Surgeon General’s annual report, Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults, released today. And the statistics are still fairly grim:

• More than 600,000 middle school students and 3 million high school students in the U.S. smoke today.

• For each of the more than 1,200 Americans a day who die due to smoking, at least two kids or young adults take up the habit.

• Nearly nine of 10 smokers started by age 18.

• Three of every four teen smokers end up smoking into adulthood, and a third will die prematurely from smoking.

Tobacco companies spend more than a million dollars an hour in the U.S. to market their products, and though they are banned from marketing directly to children, there is plenty of evidence their messages are getting through anyway. In 2010, for instance, nearly one third of top-grossing films produced for children (with ratings of G, PG or PG-13) contained images of smoking. And studies show that kids exposed to images of smoking in movies are more likely to smoke.

The report concludes that smoking early in life has immediate health risks to kids and teens, including reduced lung function and cardiovascular damage. The lung damage is permanent. Keeping young people from taking up the habit is critical, the report stresses – with the most success from a multi-component assault including mass-media campaigns, higher tobacco prices, smoke-free laws and programs in schools.

New Vaccine Info For CA Preteens

Friday, February 10th, 2012

As part of their ongoing campaign to get older kids – think tweens and teens – to get the immunizations they need, public health experts have declared Feb. 12-18 Preteen Vaccine Week. Here is some information from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health about updated vaccine recommendations and changes to state law that apply to this age group. Ideally, these vaccines are given as part of routine doctor visits, to give healthcare providers a chance to discuss other health issues.

Recommended Vaccines

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is now recommending the following for all 11-12 year olds:

  • One dose of meningococcal vaccine;
  • One dose of Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis) vaccine;
  • Annual seasonal influenza vaccine;
  • Three doses of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.

The CDC previously recommended the HPV vaccine only for girls, but is now recommending it for boys in the same age group. Children over the age of 12 who may not have received vaccine or who have missed doses can get caught up at any time.

Recommendations for older teenagers include a second dose of meningococcal vaccine between ages 16 and 18. Everyone, six months of age and older and medically eligible, should receive a flu shot every year.

Middle School Pertussis Immunization Requirement

In 2011, a California law went into effect requiring all students who entered 7th-12th grade in the 2011-2012 school year to show proof of a Tdap vaccine. For the 2012-2013 school year and beyond, only students entering 7th grade – at public, private, charter, and home schools – will need to show proof they received an adolescent Tdap vaccine.

In 2011-2012, schools and parents were given a grace period to comply with the Tdap booster vaccine requirement. A grace period has not been approved for the 2012-2013 school year. Parents and guardians with students entering 7th grade in 2012 will need to ensure their child has been vaccinated with Tdap in order to avoid a delay in starting school.

Minor Consent Law

A new California law that went into effect Jan. 1 allows anyone 12 years of age and older to consent to medical care related to the prevention of a sexually transmitted disease (STD). The new law allows minors to consent to receive HPV and Hepatitis B vaccines.

Resources for Vaccinations

Anyone without a regular health care provider or health insurance coverage for vaccines can call the L.A. County Information Line at 2-1-1 from any cell phone or land line in the county, or visit www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/ip, for referrals to providers offering vaccines at no charge or a reduced charge.

For more information about adolescent immunization recommendations, vaccine safety information, and information about the Tdap school entry requirement, visit:

Teens Need Iron For Healthy Brain Wiring As Adults

Monday, January 23rd, 2012

Building a healthy adult brain literally begins with enough iron intake in your teens. That’s the finding from a new study by UCLA researchers. “We found that healthy brain wiring in adults depended on having good iron levels in your teenage years,” lead author Paul Thompson, a neurology professor at UCLA, said in releasing the study Jan. 11.

Thompson and colleagues monitored iron availability to the brains of 615 healthy subjects at ages 12, 14 and 16, then mapped myelin – the fatty fibers responsible for transmitting impulses between nerves – in the same subjects at age 23.

None of the subjects in the study were technically iron deficient. But adolescents with evidence of poor iron in their diets showed weaker brain connections in young adulthood, the study found. Thompson notes that the teenage brain is still actively maturing, and requires iron so that it can produce adequate myelin reserves to protect against Alzheimer’s disease later in life.

The government recommends that 9- to 13-year-olds get 8 mg of iron per day, and that boys ages in their later teens take in 11 mg, while girls take in 15 mg.

Good dietary iron sources include

• Dried beans – 2-4 mg per serving

• Iron-fortified cereal – 1-21 mg per serving

• Dried fruit – 1-1.5 mg per serving

• Lean red meat – 2-3 mg per serving

• Poultry – 1-2 mg per serving

• Salmon – .7 mg per serving

• Tuna – 1.3 mg per serving

• Shrimp – 2.5 mg per serving

The study appears online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

 

Kids’ Vaccine Updates

Monday, November 28th, 2011

shotNews out today from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) highlights a range of vaccine-related issues.

First up: Vaccinating kids against chicken pox apparently also protects babies too young to receive the vaccine. Tracking cases of varicella infection in infants from 1995 (the year chicken pox vaccinations began) to 2008, researchers at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention found that cases in children under age 1 declined by more than 89% during that time period, most likely because vaccinations among older children meant babies were exposed to fewer cases of chicken pox. The disease is still around, so study authors urge parents to vaccinate their children.

Next: Babies getting vaccinations tend to be uncomfortable and run mild fevers, and parents might wonder whether a dose of acetaminophen (the aspirin-free pain reliever found in Tylenol) might help Baby sleep. Sleep is important to help the body’s immune system respond to the vaccine, but because some doctors worry the medication might dampen the immune response by suppressing fever, recommendations vary. A new study found that acetaminophen didn’t increase babies’ sleep time, but also didn’t prevent the needed increase in body temperature. What did help babies sleep? Getting their shots after 1:30 p.m., though more study is needed to confirm this result.

Finally: 16-year-olds need a booster dose of meningococcal conjugate vaccine, to protect them against meningitis, a dangerous infection of the tissue surrounding the brain. Adolescents are supposed to be vaccinated against meningitis around age 11 or 12. The added the booster at age 16 to the 2011 schedule for extra protection when teens are most vulnerable.

All three issues are covered in the December issue of Pediatrics, published online today.

Drive Safely with Driver’s Edge

Thursday, June 16th, 2011

EDITOR’S NOTE: HERE IS A GUEST POST FROM RONNA MANDEL, ASSOCIATE EDITOR OF L.A. PARENT AND MOTHER OF TWO. I SENT HER AND HER DAUGHTER TO CHECK OUT A LOCAL ADVANCED DRIVING COURSE FOR TEENS  …

At Drivers Edge teens learn essential driving skills for free.

At Drivers Edge teens learn essential driving skills for free.

As far as I was concerned, my baby had only just grown out of her purple convertible Crazy Coupe. Feet propelled by a sippy cup wielding 3-year-old, this auto need never leave our driveway. Not so when you’re talking about a two-ton vehicle

Well, at last I can breathe a sigh of relief and stop hiding under the covers. My 17-year-old daughter is now driving with one great advantage under her seatbelt. She recently participated in defensive driving workshops with Driver’s Edge, a non-profit organization whose mission to teach life-saving driving skills for free to teens around the country. Their national tour recently rolled into Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, shiny Beemers and all, and I don’t know who was more excited, me or my daughter, Gemma.

Rule number one is to remember that you are doing this as much for yourself as you are for your teen. So selfishly sign up your child the minute you get word from Driver’s Edge that they are coming to town because classes fill up very quickly and you don’t want to miss out. Simply ‘like’ them on Facebook to keep up-to-date on events or visit their website to get the tour schedule, register and find frequently asked questions. Your goal as a parent is to preserve all those precious memories and provide your teen with all the necessary tools they’ll need so you can see your grandchildren ride that Crazy Coupe you have stored in your garage. Read on …