Healthy isn?t something you are or aren?t. It?s a hundred little things: eating a banana, walking in the park, putting a bandage on a boo-boo, playing tag, reading up on ways to keep you and your family well and safe. It?s a balance between living well and taking care, and you can start right where you are.
A blog by Christina Elston
Healthy isn't something you are or aren't. It's a hundred little things: eating a banana, walking in the park, putting a bandage on a boo-boo, playing tag, reading up on ways to keep you and your family well and safe. It's a balance between living well and taking care, and you can start right where you are.


Archive for the ‘Environmental Toxins’ Category

CA Lab Conducting Indoor Air Quality Survey

Thursday, September 27th, 2012

Ever wonder what the air quality is like inside your home? If you live in California, here is a chance to find out. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, a facility supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and managed by the University of California, is conducting an indoor air quality study, and looking for households to participate.

To qualify, participants must be at least 18 years old, have a smoke-free home in California, and be able to complete an interview about their home in English. The study will involve:

• Completing a screening survey and two interviews, each of which will last 10 to 30 minutes, over the phone

• Setting up a small package of air monitoring devices, and returning them to the lab (by mail) after one week, or allowing a research team to visit your home to set up and pick up the monitors.

Everyone selected to take part in the study will receive information about the air quality in their home, plus $75.

Researchers are hoping to gather information about the air quality in California homes, and especially about how natural gas appliances might impact air quality. The study will assess whether families are being exposed to air pollutants emitted by improperly functioning gas appliances.

Families interested in taking part in the study can complete a web-based form at healthyhomes.lbl.gov or call 510-517-2357.

Eight Percent of L.A.’s Childhood Asthma Due to Traffic Pollution

Monday, September 24th, 2012

At least 24,000 children in L.A. County have asthma because they live near busy roadways and breathe in the pollution belched out by a never-ending procession of cars and trucks, says the latest in a stream of studies linking air pollution and breathing problems.

And previous estimates of how air pollution exacerbates childhood asthma may actually have underestimated the burden smog exposure places on society, USC researchers reported online Sept. 24 in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. This study looked specifically at Los Angeles County, but the consequences of air pollution in other metropolitan areas where children live near major traffic corridors (especially within 250 feet of a busy roadway) are also likely underreported, the study’s authors conclude.

The researchers used data from the ongoing Children’s Health Study, which has been recording effects of air pollution since 1993, plus regional air pollution measurements from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other sources. They concluded that cutting children’s exposure to near-roadway pollution 20% would mean 5,900 fewer cases of childhood asthma in the county, while a 20% increase would yield that many additional cases. Currently there are around 300,000 cases of childhood asthma county-wide.

The researchers also examined state of California policies intended to cut greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles by improving fuel efficiency – but also by increasing use of public transportation. The policies would offer developers incentives to build housing projects located closer to bus or rail service hubs to boost public transit use.

The problem? Bus and rail stops are often located on or near busy roads, so the state’s plan to clean up the air for our kids could actually place more of them close to the source of the pollutants. The researchers note that more study is needed so that the state can develop policies that reduce sprawl and encourage mass-transit use, while also minimizing kids’ exposure to vehicles still on the road.

California Standard Requiring Toxic Flame Retardants To Be Revised

Tuesday, June 19th, 2012

On the heels of a Chicago Tribune investigation  revealing deception from the chemical industry and the eve of a scheduled June 26 legislative hearing on the subject, California Governor Jerry Brown issued a statement yesterday directing state agencies to revise flammability standards for upholstered furniture sold in the state.

Evidence that the flame retardants required by California’s 40-year-old TB 117 flammability standard cause harm has been piling up:

• A 2008 Environmental Working Group study found that toddlers have three times the level of flame retardant chemicals in their bodies as their parents do. California toddlers carry some of the highest levels in the nation.

• Scientists at Cal/EPA found in a peer-reviewed study that California women have higher levels of flame retardants in their breast tissue than women in other states and countries.

• UC Berkeley researchers found significant associations between flame retardant levels in California women and reduced fertility, which they believe is due to alterations in thyroid hormone levels caused by the chemicals.

• A study in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that firefighters – who work with and inhale these chemicals regularly – have elevated rates of cancer, including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and brain cancer.

Brown has asked the Bureau of Electronic and Appliance Repair, Home Furnishings and Thermal Insulation to review the standard and recommend changes that would ensure fire safety while reducing toxic flame retardants – which are currently found in everything from high chairs to couches. “We must find better ways to meet fire safety standards by reducing and eliminating – wherever possible – dangerous chemicals,” Brown said in a statement. The process to do so will include workshops, administrative review and a chance for public comment.

“Research links many of these flame retardant chemicals to lower IQs and hyperactivity in children, and also to reproductive problems and endocrine disruption,” said Sarah Janssen, M.D., MPH, of UC San Francisco and the Natural Resources Defense Council in response to the news. “The entire world is watching California to see if we will act to prevent continuing global contamination from chemicals used to meet TB 117.”

Avoid Unnecessary Medical Imaging To Lower Breast Cancer Risk

Thursday, June 14th, 2012

Breast cancer researchers have increasingly been looking into the possible role of environmental factors – like pesticides, beauty products, household chemicals and plastics used to make water bottles – in boosting women’s risk for the disease. But a review of all available scientific data by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) last December failed to find enough data to confirm or rule out links to these factors.

Except one.

“The single thing that the IOM highlighted that a woman can do to lower her risk of breast cancer is to avoid unnecessary medical imaging,” says radiology and medical imaging professor Rebecca Smith-Bindman, M.D. The UC San Francisco researcher contributed to the report, and authored an article in the June 11 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine detailing its findings. She suggests women whose doctors have suggested they undergo CT scans or other forms of medical imaging ask the following questions:

• Is this scan absolutely necessary or can we make decisions about my care without it?

• Is it necessary to do it now?

• Are there other, alternative tests?

• How can I be sure the test will be done in the safest way possible?

• Will having the scan information change the management of my disease in a positive way that cannot happen without the scan?

• Can I wait until after seeing a specialist before getting the scan?

Doctors should also explain the risks and benefits, and the radiation burden, from any test they have ordered, Smith-Bindman says.

Ten Toxics That Could Contribute to Autism

Friday, April 27th, 2012

Autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental problems now affect 400,000 to 600,000 of the 4 million children born in the U.S. each year. The jury is still out on precisely what causes ASD, but evidence increasingly points to a combination of genetics and environmental factors.

An editorial this week in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, authored by Philip Landrigan, M.D., director of the Children’s Environmental Health Center at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, points to 10 chemicals that experts suspect contribute to ASD and learning disabilities. They are:

• Lead – no longer used in gasoline or paint, but still present in water and soil in many places

• Methylmercury – an organic form of the heavy metal mercury, which makes its way into the food chain through fish

• PCBs – banned in the U.S. in 1979, they were once used in paint, plastics and rubber products and can still be found in older electrical equipment

• Organophosphate pesticides – organic phosphorous-containing compounds toxic to the central nervous system

• Organochlorine pesticides – compounds such as DDT, used extensively in the 1940s-1960s in agriculture and mosquito control

• Endocrine disruptors – chemicals, including BPA used in consumer plastics, that interfere with the body’s hormonal system

• Automotive exhaust

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – atmospheric pollutants that come from the incomplete burning of materials like wood, oil, garbage or coal

• Brominated flame retardants – chemical flame retardants widely used in furniture and other consumer products

• Perfluorinated compounds – used to make materials (like Teflon) stick- and stain-resistant

The editorial appeared with four papers calling for increased research into the environmental causes of ASD. One linking smoking during pregnancy with Asperger’s disorder, two showing that PCBs disrupt early brain development, and one suggesting more research is needed into the link between pesticide exposure and autism.

“A large number of the chemicals in widest use have not undergone even minimal assessment of potential toxicity and this is of great concern,” said Landrigan in his editorial. According to the National Academy of Sciences, three percent of disorders such as ASD and ADHD are caused by toxic exposures, and another 25 percent by interactions between genetics and the environment. Landrigan says further research is needed to pinpoint the exact environmental causes and potentially prevent some of these cases.

 

At Least Half of Low-Cost Jewelry Has High Levels of Toxic Chemicals

Tuesday, March 13th, 2012

If you’re shopping for inexpensive trinkets for you and the kids at places like Claire’s, Big Lots or Justice, you could be getting a hazard you didn’t bargain for. A report released today by The Ecology Center, a Michigan-based nonprofit environmental organization found that at least half  the samples they tested contained high levels of one or more dangerous chemicals.

Purchasing 99 pieces of jewelry from Ming 99 City, Burlington Coat Factory, Target, Big Lots, Claire’s, Glitter, Forever 21, Walmart, H&M, Meijers, Kohl’s, Justice, Icing and Hot Topic, researchers tested each piece with an X-ray fluorescence analyzer. Overall, 59% of the products included one or more hazardous chemicals at high levels.

Lead was found in 27% of the pieces in levels higher than the Consumer Product Safety Commission’s (CPSC) limit for children’s products.

Cadmium was found in high levels in 10% of the products. The metal is a known carcinogen.

Arsenic was found in 13% of the products.

Mercury was found in 5% of the products.

Brominated flame retardants were found in 7% of the products.

PVC was found in one-third of the products.

The CPSC advises parents and caregivers not to let young children play with or wear cheap metal jewelry, as chewing or sucking on or swallowing these pieces could result in dangerous exposure to heavy metals. The commission does not regulate cadmium in children’s products, instead supporting a voluntary standard developed by the industry. California, Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota and Washington State have all moved to regulate cadmium at the state level.

Find more information on the specific pieces of jewelry tested, a video about the report, and the results, at HealthyStuff.org.

Just In Case You Thought Kids Didn’t Smoke Any More

Thursday, March 8th, 2012

A colleague was telling me this morning about how her 5-year-old pointed to the ashtray in their car and asked, “What’s that?” – a question unthinkable in our own smoky childhoods. But there’s evidence that not all kids are so healthily unaware of the trappings of tobacco.

Decades of hammering away at “kids shouldn’t smoke” campaigns, policing points of sale and regulating advertising and warning labels have made a dent. Smoking among ages 12-17 has continued to decline in the U.S. But that decline has slowed in the last decade, according the Surgeon General’s annual report, Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults, released today. And the statistics are still fairly grim:

• More than 600,000 middle school students and 3 million high school students in the U.S. smoke today.

• For each of the more than 1,200 Americans a day who die due to smoking, at least two kids or young adults take up the habit.

• Nearly nine of 10 smokers started by age 18.

• Three of every four teen smokers end up smoking into adulthood, and a third will die prematurely from smoking.

Tobacco companies spend more than a million dollars an hour in the U.S. to market their products, and though they are banned from marketing directly to children, there is plenty of evidence their messages are getting through anyway. In 2010, for instance, nearly one third of top-grossing films produced for children (with ratings of G, PG or PG-13) contained images of smoking. And studies show that kids exposed to images of smoking in movies are more likely to smoke.

The report concludes that smoking early in life has immediate health risks to kids and teens, including reduced lung function and cardiovascular damage. The lung damage is permanent. Keeping young people from taking up the habit is critical, the report stresses – with the most success from a multi-component assault including mass-media campaigns, higher tobacco prices, smoke-free laws and programs in schools.

Arsenic Found In Infant Formula, Cereal Bars

Thursday, February 16th, 2012

If you buy infant formula or cereal or energy bars for your family, take the time to read the ingredient lists on these products. Dartmouth College researchers are reporting high levels of arsenic in formula or cereal/energy bars fortified with some rice products or sweetened with organic brown rice syrup.

That’s the syrup manufacturers have turned to as a replacement for high fructose corn syrup, which health-conscious consumers have increasingly shunned.

While the study did not list brand names, two of the 17 infant formulas that researchers tested had organic brown rice syrup listed as a primary ingredient, and those had arsenic levels 20 times greater than the other formulas. The two contained inorganic arsenic (the most toxic form) at 8.6 parts per billion (ppb) and 21.4 ppb respectively.

Of the 29 cereal bars tested, 22 listed rice products – including organic brown rice syrup, rice flour, rice grain and rice flakes – among their first five ingredients. Those with no rice ingredients contained 8 to 27 ppb of arsenic, while those containing rice ingredients had levels of 23 to 128 ppb.

The United States currently has no regulatory limit for the amount of arsenic in food, but does limit the amount in drinking water to 10 ppb. Researchers point out that this limit does not account for the lower body weight or the delicate developmental stage of infants who might be consuming arsenic-laden formula.

Arsenic is a natural element found in soil and minerals. It has been used commercially to preserve wood, and in pesticides for crops such as cotton. Rice in the U.S. is often grown in fields formerly used to grow cotton, and the plants are especially efficient at taking up arsenic from the soil. This is true even of organically grown rice. And at high enough levels, arsenic exposure can cause death.

Until the government acts to regulate the amount of arsenic in food, parents can protect themselves and their families by avoiding infant formulas and baby foods in which organic brown rice syrup is the main ingredient. Also be on the lookout for organic brown rice syrup and other rice ingredients in baby foods, and in cereal and energy bars. An occasional cereal bar won’t pose much risk, but because food is the main source of arsenic exposure for most people, it’s important to remember that small exposures from a variety of foods could add up.

The Dartmouth study was published today in Environmental Health Perspectives, and reported in Consumer Reports.

Costs From Childhood Asthma Soaring

Friday, January 27th, 2012

In Long Beach and Riverside, traffic-related pollution is adding $18 million per year to the cost of childhood asthma, almost half of which is due to new asthma cases caused by pollution. That’s the finding from a study released Jan. 25 in the online European Respiratory Journal. The study is the first cost estimate to include cases attributable to air pollution.

Researchers from University of Massachusetts Amherst with colleagues from Switzerland and USC looked at costs such as parents’ missed time from work, extra doctor visits, travel time and prescriptions. Their findings include:

• A single episode of bronchitic symptoms (cough, congestion or bronchitis for three months in a row) in a child with asthma cost an average $972 in Riverside and $915 in Long Beach

• Total annual cost for a typical asthma case was $3,819 in Long Beach and $4,063 in Riverside

• The estimated yearly cost for families coping with asthma in Long Beach and Riverside represents 7 percent of median household income in those communities, a level too high to be sustainable for most.

The largest share of the cost of asthma was the indirect costs to parents missing work because their children are out of school, the authors noted. They say traditional assessment methods have underestimated the financial burden of asthma on families, and the cost of the disease due to air pollution. And because Riverside and Long Beach account for 7 percent of California’s total population, they estimate that air pollution’s contribution to the cost of asthma state-wide is “truly substantial.”

Why You Should Test Your Home For Radon

Tuesday, January 17th, 2012

There’s not really a radon “season.” This colorless, odorless gas is around all year around – maybe even in your home. It’s a natural, radioactive gas that comes from the breakdown of uranium in soil, rock and water, then seeps into homes through cracks in the foundation, piping, etc.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has declared January National Radon Action Month, so this is a good time to share some facts.

1. Radon is the leading cause of lung cancer among non-smokers. Around 21,000 people in the U.S. die from radon-related lung cancer every year.

2. Radon can be found in every state. As many as one in every 15 U.S. homes has elevated radon levels, and the rate is higher in some locations than in others. You can find a map of radon zones here.  Most of Southern California is in a “moderate” zone, but experts stress that every part of the country has homes with radon.

3. You can get a radon test kit at your local hardware store. Most cost $12-$15. In many cases, you can get kits for even less through your state radon program. Click here to find your state contact.

4. Lowering radon levels in your home doesn’t have to be expensive. Several methods of reducing levels exist, from drawing radon from below your home and venting it to the outside air, to sealing cracks in your home’s foundation to keep radon from penetrating into the house. The price tags on these projects will vary, but are usually in line with other home-maintenance costs.

Get more information about radon, testing your home, and lowering levels if you do find you have a radon problem through the EPA at www.epa.gov/radon.